Officially Botswana is a Christian country, although the number of practising Christians is estimated at only around 20% of the population. These mostly belong to the Catholic, Anglican, Methodist, Lutheran and Zion Christian Church (where its members are noted for the khaki dress worn when attending). Services are usually in Tswana, though the larger churches in the main towns also have English services, and the smaller, rural ones will sometimes use the local languages. Faith healing is often incorporated into services.

Other religions, such as Islaam, are only represented in the larger towns; their following is small, mainly amongst expat workers.

As usual in the subcontinent, many Botswana's blend Christian beliefs with aspects of traditional beliefs. In times of crisis or ill health, most people are as likely to seek out a traditional healer as they are to visit a priest or a hospital. Though more often still, they will pursue both a traditional and a more western approach at the same time. (From a medical standpoint, the best practices of traditional healers are increasingly lauded throughout southern Africa as holistic approaches, which can complement Western medicine.)

People's traditional beliefs depend largely on ancestry, differing widely from tribe to tribe, but generally incorporating a great respect for ancestors, a belief in their continued existence in the spirit world, and a certainly that the spirits affect everyone's day-to-day lives.